(ten,1528) = 5.11, P Table 5 Overall tick burden and tick burden by categories of the temperature-humidity index (means ± standard errors) in four Colombian cattle breeds
Discussion
You will find a light amount of data on books to the tick weight for the cattle getting exotic nations about Americas. Really studies about this procedure was indeed done in subtropical places like Southern area Africa [8, 15], countries which have high large temperatures such as for example Egypt and you can Pakistan , and lots of warm nations eg Tanzania and you can Nigeria . Tick load is oftentimes said having fun with turned analysis, that produces effects comparison to possess genuine tick load tough to interpret. This research suggests the real tick weight and its particular relationship with heat be concerned indicator into the four Bos taurus types located in about Evlilik iГ§in Filipin kД±zlar three some other geographic aspects of Colombia (the fresh new Caribbean, Andean and you can Orinoquia regions). Tick load during these Colombian cows types was less than that included in an experiment playing with steers grazing regarding Meta agencies (Orinoquia region). Concurrently, the average tick weight found in the five Colombian types when you look at the our experiment (17.4 ± 24.6) is gloomier than simply one to found in other tropical places like the newest B. indicus Meru crossbred from inside the Tanzania (37.5 ± 11.8) and some B. indicus cows populations (Light Fulani and Bunaji types and their crossbreds) within the Nigeria (twenty-two ± 1.4) . The different cattle types, lawn variety, grazing management, herding program, climate and you may environmental regions of ticks you will explain the high tick burden utilized in such other degree.
Tick distribution on the cows authorities
The newest tick weight with the rump and you may tail out of SM (eight.dos ± a dozen.2), ROMO (5.8 ± ten.2) and you will CCC (nine.4 ± fifteen.1) cattle are more than the tick weight on the bottom ft, belly and flanks (1.0 ± dos.cuatro, 4.six ± six.9 and eight.2 ± eleven.1, respectively). This type of efficiency agree with the individuals gotten from the for the Nguni cows. Such authors learned that brand new tick burden towards the end and you may perineum try more than new tick weight to the belly throughout the year. A reduced tick load during the BON, ROMO and you will CCC cattle try noticed on the head and neck accompanied by the rear and you can loin. Likewise, Asmaa ainsi que al. unearthed that the lowest quantity of ticks was basically noticed inside the vision, neck and you will boobs. Clicks favor invisible and loving anatomical zones for the animal human body . And that, a suitable ecosystem to own tick survival try beneath the end and you will perineum, possibly explaining the fresh new high number out-of clicks seen in these system zones. In addition, the rear legs, udder, tummy, fore and you will buttocks flank be more confronted by grass, hence easily attained from the ticks. This will be precisely why we observed a top ratio of one’s complete tick weight during these body zones.
Different varieties of yard and paddocks where these pets supply could lead to variations in tick load by anatomical zones. It is substantiated by the comparable percentage of tick weight by anatomical areas observed towards ROMO and you can CCC breeds, which were found at an equivalent experimental route and have been given with the same kind of yard. In contrast, the new tick burden from the anatomical area is quite additional in the BON and you will SM breeds, that will be partly told me by the a unique ecosystem.
Sex, decades and you will alive lbs
The greater tick burden noticed in female agrees with the results off Rehman mais aussi al. in the Pakistani cattle, where women had a substantially large tick load than just males. At the same time, there is a top frequency regarding tick infestation in women (58.7%) compared to males (41.5%) into the Egyptian cattle . At the same time, zero extreme differences was found into the infestation incidence from Roentgen. microplus anywhere between men and women when you look at the Indian cattle and North american country cattle . About experimental programs the spot where the cows in regards to our investigation was remaining, bulls gotten preferential administration since they had sleeping episodes before the start of the 2nd breeding seasons, and you can was basically assigned when you look at the paddocks with a lower life expectancy stocking rate. In contrast, cows was indeed usually left during the large equipping pricing. These standards acquired by bulls throughout some days of one’s year might explain why we located a lesser tick load in guys versus females inside our studies.